Edexcel GCSE Computer Science
5.1.6: understand that data can be transmitted in packets using layered protocol stacks (TCP/IP)
5.1.6: understand that data can be transmitted in packets using layered protocol stacks (TCP/IP)
| Keyword | Definition |
|---|---|
| Application | Top layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack where programs request and process data over a network |
| Data Link Layer | another name for the Network Access layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack |
| Ethernet and WiFi | examples of protocols which operate at the Network Access Layer of the TCP/IP stack to control how individual bits and bytes are transmitted |
| Header | data inside a packet that identifies where the data is from, where it's going to and order that the packet needs to be placed in to be reassembled back into the original file or message. |
| HTTP and FTP | examples of protocols which operate at the application layer of the TCP/IP stack to send / receive web pages and files |
| Internet | 3rd highest layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack where destination and source IP addresses are added to data packets which are then routed to the right place across the network |
| IP | The part of TCP/IP that allows packets to be delivered to the right place over a large network like the Internet using destination and source addresses |
| MAC and IP | types of network addresses which are used at the Internet layer of the TCP/IP stack to ensure packets of data get to the right destination |
| Network Access | Bottom layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack which controls how individual bits and bytes are transmitted across wires, fibre optic cables or radio waves |
| Network Layer | another name for the Internet layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack |
| Packets | small chunks of data (typically 64KB) that contain part of a file or message to be transmitted over a network |
| Protocol | set of rules that devices must follow in order to transmit a certain type of data over a network |
| Stack | multiple layers of protocols that work independently in order to make a network work |
| TCP | The part of TCP/IP that splits data into a sequence of packets that can be reliably transmitted over a network |
| TCP and UDP | examples of protocols which operate at the Transport layer of the TCP/IP stack to transmit packets of data reliably or quickly |
| Transport | 2nd highest layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack where data is split into packets which are sent and reassembled reliably and in order. |
